LIFE 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Facultative Anaerobic Organism, Anaerobic Respiration, Atp Synthase
Document Summary
*electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump h+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. *h+ then moves back across the membrane passing through the protein complex, atp synthesis. *atp synthase uses the exergonic flow of h+ to drive phosphorylation of atp. *the energy stored in a h+ gradient across a membrane couples the redox reactions of the electron transport chain to atp synthesis. Pyruvate is converted to ethanol in two steps. Pyruvate is reduced to nadh, forming lactate as an end product. Used to make cheese and yogurt by some fungi and bacteria. Human muscle cells use lactid acid fermentation to make atp when oxygen is scarce. Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose and other organic fuels to pyruvate. In facultative anaerobes, pyruvate is a fork in the metabolic road that leads to two alternative catabolic routes. Can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle. Fats are digested to glycerol and fatty acids.
