AVS-4160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Shin Splints, Osteoblast, Hydroxylapatite
16 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
The half-life of cartilage is really long: cartilage cannot repair itself well, when cartilage tries to repair itself, it makes fibrocartilage, which doesn"t have collagen or proteoglycans. Decreased stiffness = decreased resistance to compression. Repeated rebounding of cartilage (overuse) can mimic the onset of osteoarthritis: osteoarthritis = inflammation of the articulating joint that also involves the entire joint capsule. Interleukin 1 is the most prominent pro-inflammatory cytokine. Wear lines = scoring in the plane of action. Fibrillation = rough, sand paper type cartilage that can cause the loss of cells of the superficial layers of the cartilage. Lesions = holes that go down to the middle or lower layer of cartilage. In severe cases of osteoarthritis, the bones can fuse together. Igf1 = a growth hormone that is a common marker for tissue increase or turnover. Cytokines = cellular messengers that are part of the immune response: il1 and tnf are pro-inflammatory cytokines. The bone degrading cells: upregulates eicosanoids (pge2)
