PHIL 2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Fair City, Cardinal Virtues, Dialectic
9 Aug 2019
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Document Summary
According to plato, the state is but an extension of the soul; a kind of wide version of the psyche. The main theme of plato"s politics is justice, which can only occur in the state. The state arises because we are not self-sufficient. Humans need the help and coloboration of many people to survive. On the one hand, we have material needs such as food, clothing and housing. On the other it is necessary to defend the polis and its inhabitants. Finally, the action of those who will harmonize everyone"s efforts is necessary. That is why the division of the inhabitants of the. Producers the estate composed of farmers, artisans and merchants is governed by the concupiscent soul, its lowest part. Hence its virtue is temperance, which is achieved through the order, discipline and control of bodily passions. Its virtue is manifested when it is placed at the service of the other estates of the city.
