ENVI 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Variance, Standard Deviation, Statistical Hypothesis Testing
21 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Statistics: the methodology for collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions from data. Data: facts that can be analyzed or used in an effort to gain knowledge or make decisions; information. Parts of statistics: design: planning and carrying out research, description: summarizing and exploring data, inference: making predictions and generalizing about phenomena represented by the data. Why bother: to be able to effectively conduct research, to be able to read and evaluate journal articles, to further develop critical thinking and analytic skills, to act as an informed consumer. Population: the collection of all individuals or items under consideration in a statistical study. Sample: that part of the population from which information is collected. Variable: any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted. Discrete: countable number of distinct possible values. Continuous: can take on any value in a certain range. Qualitative (categorical) - eg. hair color, breed, gender. Descriptive statistics: consists of methods for organizing and summarizing information (data)
