BIOL 401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Hypophosphatemia, Organelle, Mitochondrion

• School: Binghamton University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 401
• Professor: Steven P Tammariello

Document Summary

Why pedigrees in humans: number of offspring is low, breeding is infrequent, genetic background of parents is not always known before mating, controlled crosses aren"t really possible. *in pedigrees you can only look back a few generations. Autosomal or x-linked (not focusing on y-linked) Autosomal recessive conditions: not sex-linked, can be passed from mother and/or father (p/p or p/p have normal phenotype, p/p will be affected) Affect males and female equally (tells us it"s. Example: albinism ~ affected individual must autosomal and not sex-linked) have two recessive genes: many generations before may not display that phenotype. Autosomal dominant conditions: only need one copy of diseased gene. In this case, the normal allele is recessive. Very increased likelihood of obtaining disease and daughters. Mothers and fathers can transmit to both sons. X-linked recessive conditions: condition usually appears in males. For females, both parents must have allele (recessive). Examples: achondroplasia, huntington"s, ptc tasting get the x-chromosome from their mother.