ANTH 168 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Mendelian Inheritance

• School: Binghamton University
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANTH 168
• Professor: merriwether

Document Summary

Genes: a section of dna which codes for a protein, we have 15,000-20,000 genes in the human genome, over 110,000 proteins are made from around 20,000 genes. Alternate splicing of exons is a possible explanation as to why this is possible: exon- coding segment of genes in eukaryotes. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes: eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles. Nucleus, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, etc: prokaryotes do(cid:374) t have i(cid:374)ter(cid:374)al co(cid:373)part(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts like orga(cid:374)elles. Mendelian genetics: refers to simple genetic traits (simple b/c involves just 1 or 2 genes, dna- deoxyribonucleic acid, rna- ribonucleic acid, dna consists of 4 nucleotides/bases. Consist of dna wrapped around proteins called histones. Dna is double stranded consisting of a sense and anti-sense strand. Each base has a complimentary base that is pairs with: a-t, c-g. Not normally visible in the nuclei of non-dividing cells. Usually uncoiled in long threads in clumps of chromatin throughout the cell: most cells in the human body contain 46 chromosomes.