PB HLTH 162A Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Paranasal Sinuses

• School: Berkeley
• Department: Public Health
• Course: PB HLTH 162A
• Professor: Fenyong Liu

Document Summary

Mucus (in nasal cavity, pharynx) traps microorganism w/lysozyme (hydrolyze peptidogly) Coughing & sneezing (increased exposure to mucus, expel irritants) Ciliated epithelia (in nasal cavity & bronchi) moves microbes > pharynx to be expelled. Phagocytic cells (neutrophils & macrophages) ( mucociliary escalator) Upper respiratory tract: nasal cavity > nasal sinuses > pharynx (throat) > larynx. Pathogenesis: m protein on bacterial capsule allows it to evade phagocytosis. Haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae (laryngitis & epiglottis) H. influenzae, s. pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus (sinusitis) Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, (otitis externa & media) Avoid people with signs of infection & contaminated fomites; wash hands! Incubation period (time between exposure and onset of disease) is about 2 days. Iga antibodies as defense against disease (short lived) *smaller/narrower/shallower eustachian tube = little children more likely get ear infection* Influenza: many subtypes and strains makes it difficult to create a vaccine against all strains (a, b, c, etc)