PB HLTH 162A Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Black Bread Mold, Opportunistic Infection, Rhizopus

• School: Berkeley
• Department: Public Health
• Course: PB HLTH 162A
• Professor: Fenyong Liu

Document Summary

Eukaryotes arose 2 billion years ago evolved from prokaryotes by endosymbiosis (2 bacteria. Mitochondria & chloroplasts (evidence for endosymbiosis) : binary fission, membranes resemble gram negative bacteria (or photosynthetic cyanobacteria), dna & protein synthesis more similar to bacteria; independent genome, double membrane. Eukaryotes can reproduce by sexual reproduction: 2 haploid cells fuse to form a new organism asexual reproduction: offspring from a single organism/genes from one parent only. Heterotrophs (depend on consuming other organisms for nutrients) Mycelium : in fungi, a mass of long, threadlike structures (hyphae) that branch and intertwine. Septae: wall-like structure between fungal cells (w/pores for mito, ribosomes, etc to pass. Asexual spores (conidia): produced at tip of specialized hyphae (can produce new through) organism in favorable conditions) Yeast: (unicellular) single cells that reproduce by asexual budding; fungal form when in tissues. Mold: (multicellular) connected cells that grow as long filaments (hyphae); fungal form found in natural habitat. Fungal classification (based on sexual stage in life cycle)