NUSCTX 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Adrenal Medulla, Ketogenesis, Glucocorticoid
6 Jan 2020
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Insulin: (acts on muscle, adipose, other) / anabolic, clear/decrease glucose from blood (-->glycogen) Move gluc out of blood: uptake by peripheral cells, metabolize, synthesize glycogen & protein. Reduce gluc entry into blood: liver decrease gluconeogenesis (make gluc from non-carbs), adipose tissue decrease lipolysis, decrease glycogen breakdown. Glucagon: (acts on liver) / (catabolic), maintains blood gluc levels in starvation. Move gluc into blood: inc glycogen breakdown in liver & gng. Reduce gluc utilization: decrease glycogen synthesis, increase ketogenesis (kb from aa & fa) Catecholamines (acts on liver, muscle, adipose, other) / increases b lood gluc in response to fight or flight stimuli (incl. fasting & exercise) Release glucose from glycogen in liver & (increase lipolysis to) release. Mechanism of action for glucagon, catecholamines, & insulin is bind to receptors on cell/plasma membrane (not hydrophobic/lipid soluble! ), causing intracellular signaling (kinase/phosphatase, ca++ signaling, etc. )
