ASAMST 20A Lecture Notes - Everett, Washington, Rowlatt Act, California Alien Land Law Of 1913
7 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Korean Experience in America: Dual Structure
● Japan’s dominance over Korea
● Racial discrimination and exclusion in US
● Bilateral relations between US and Japan
South Asian Migration
● 1904-1920 - 4th group
● 6,400 mainly bachelor men
● Various names: Asian Indians, East Indians, South Asians, Hindus (used negatively)
Similar colonial experience as Koreans
● 18th, 19th century - British traders → rules
○ Rubber, tea, opium
○ Slave labor until 1834
○ Contract coolie labor overseas
● 1858 - full British colony
○ Revenue taxes for infrastructure
○ Land dispossession
Punjab
● Major sending area
● British Army
○ 20% British troops were Punjabi
○ Former soldiers re-migrated to places like U.S.
● Labor recruiters from Canada
○ Railroads
○ Local Indian recruiters
Why small immigration numbers
● By 1920, 6,400 entered the US
● British subjects
● Indirect route to US
● 2x distance from China or Japan
● US Asian Exclusion movement at height
Employment Opportunities
● Railroad construction
● Lumber Mill Pacific NW
○ White labor hostility
○ Migrant agricultural work in CA
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
● Labor shortage due to CEL and GA
West Coast: tolerated by growers
● Labor shortage
● Intensive agriculture requirements
○ pruning, irrigation, cultivation, planting, harvesting, picking
● Seen as threat by white labor
1908 Asian Exclusion League: Racial Classification
● Western Aryans (Europeans)
○ Lords of creation
○ Contributors to mankind through conquest, progress and civilization
● Eastern Aryans (Asian Indians)
○ Slaves of creation
○ Degraders of mankind; enslaved, caste-ridden and effeminate (Feminine)
○ Competitors of white labor
● Chinese bachelor society stereotypes applied to Asian Indians
● Lustful, diseased, lacked cleanliness
Racial Lumping
● Japanese and Korean Exclusion Leagues extended targets to include South Asians
● Viewed as latest Yellow Peril Threat
● Samuel Gompers (1925) - (indus have no standards by which a Caucasian may
judge them.
Third Wave Oriental Invasion
● Chinese
○ Underlived whites
○ Not Caucasians
● Japanese
○ Dangerous rivals to whites
○ Not Caucasians
○ Koreans affected by Japan-US relations
● Asian Indians
○ More insidious because they were non-white Caucasians who could degrade
the white race
Exclusionist focus on West Coast
● Tremendous pressure on immigration offices
● Focus on ports of entry
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Various names: asian indians, east indians, south asians, hindus (used negatively) 18th, 19th century - british traders rules. Former soldiers re-migrated to places like u. s. Labor shortage due to cel and ga. Chinese bachelor society stereotypes applied to asian indians. Contributors to mankind through conquest, progress and civilization. Degraders of mankind; enslaved, caste-ridden and effeminate (feminine) Samuel gompers (1925) - (cid:498)(indus have no standards by which a caucasian may judge them. (cid:499) More insidious because they were non-white caucasians who could degrade. Japanese and korean exclusion leagues extended targets to include south asians. Charges: moral and health reasons, polygamy and arbitrary physical exams. Chinese exclusion laws and gentlemen"s agreement focused on. Racial status of asian )ndians was ambiguous geography clarified it. Supported by british government who were concerned about. Banned all those living in the asiatic barred zone. Exempt: whites, people from philippines and guam. Asian indians are caucasian and eligible for citizenship. Supreme court confirms asian indians are caucasian.
