ASAMST 20A Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: National Grange Of The Order Of Patrons Of Husbandry, Strike Action, Economic Discrimination
23 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Cofrotig Iigratio Exclusio 6s-s
September
I. Chinese Labor was Indispensable
• West was underdeveloped and lacked in white labor
• Chinese labor was needed; young men were given labor contracts to be flexible, mobile
workforce
• Families were discouraged from coming over
• Gender imbalance (Page Law 1875: restricted Chinese women from being coming to
America to limit the entry of prostitutes)
• Families existed
o Transnational level
o Iteaiage ith Hispais ould’t ay hite oe
II. Mining: Small Producers to Laborers
• Placer: small producers, water-based mining, ease of entry, fierce competition.
• Hydraulic: surface mining required heavy equipment, high overhead and capital.
• Quartz mining: tunneling and drilling, high overheard and capital.
• Chinese miners usually worked for larger companies instead of investing in their own
heavy equipment in the case that they get driven out by whites.
III. Small Producers to Wage Workers
• General trend for a all miners
• Moved to larger mines and industries
o Racial antagonisms divided labor
IV. Chinese Role in Mining
• California produced 2/3 of all US gold
• 84% of Chinese worked in mining
V. Foreign Miners Tax
• Passed in 1850, raised in 1853, and ended in 1870
• It was a monthly tax on foreign miners ($20 per month)
• Targeted Latino miners and drove them out, and later focused on the Chinese
• 50% of the California State revenues were from the taxes
VI. Nativism
• Means anti-immigrant sentiments
VII. Sojourner Charge
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• Because Chinese were sojourners, they should not have the same rights as other
peoples. However, the Chinese were unwelcome and somewhat forced to keep this
mindset that they should go back to China.
• What about the mindset of European immigrants who were miners? Accepted into
society, despite the fact that they were sojourners when they immigrated to America.
VIII. 1790 Naturalization Act
• Predetermined who could be a settler or sojourner
• Passed by Congress under George Washington
• Eployed aial iteia liitig itizeship to fee hite pesos ives attached to
husbands status)
• Legal basis for Foreign Miners Tax
IX. Ramifications Foreign Miners Tax
• Encouraged hatred and violence
• Green light given to commit violence (Charles De Long)
• Exit of Chinese miners: too dangerous in terms of violence and excess tax
• Decline in economy of mining areas
X. Chinese as Tools of Monopolists
• Mining and water monopolized
• Chinese labor employed in water companies
• Euated to eig tools of oopolists
• Heavy white miner resistance and sabotage: blew up water mines to sabotage Chinese.
XI. Transcontinental Railroad
• 1865: 12,000 to 14,000 Chinese completed the Western half of the railroad
• Result: took California out of isolation from the national economy by connecting the
west to the east.
XII. Big 4: Crocker, Stanford, Huntington, and Hopkins
• In charge of Central/Pacific/Western half of the Transcontinental Railroad
• Union Pacific RR in the eastern half was in charge of William Durant
XIII. Map of TCRR
• Goal: meet at Promontory, Utah
• Financing from public bonds and granting of public lands along the route including
mineral rights on the land
• Grants were dependent on mileage of tracks built.
• 2 years of little progress for the Central Pacific RR in 1863, which only completed 50
miles
• UPRR was winning the railroad race
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
America to limit the entry of prostitutes: families existed, transnational level. Small producers to wage workers: general trend for a all miners, moved to larger mines and industries, racial antagonisms divided labor. Chinese role in mining: california produced 2/3 of all us gold, 84% of chinese worked in mining, foreign miners tax. Sojourner charge: because chinese were sojourners, they should not have the same rights as other peoples. Accepted into society, despite the fact that they were sojourners when they immigrated to america. 1790 naturalization act: predetermined who could be a settler or sojourner, passed by congress under george washington, e(cid:373)ployed (cid:396)a(cid:272)ial (cid:272)(cid:396)ite(cid:396)ia li(cid:373)iti(cid:374)g (cid:272)itize(cid:374)ship to (cid:862)f(cid:396)ee (cid:449)hite pe(cid:396)so(cid:374)s(cid:863) (cid:894)(cid:449)ives attached to husbands status, legal basis for foreign miners tax. Transcontinental railroad: 1865: 12,000 to 14,000 chinese completed the western half of the railroad, result: took california out of isolation from the national economy by connecting the west to the east.
