THEO 1024 Lecture Notes - Colossae, Polycarp, Upper Middle Class
11/2
• The apostolic age = age of the apostles
o death of jesus – death of last apostle
o 30 AD – death of last apostle
• acts of the apostles
o written by luke
▪ description of apostolic church
o Pentecost paul arrives in Rome (Peter/Paul)
• Relationship of early church with Judaism – James / non-Jews (non-Hebrew)
o Hellenists- Jews spoke greek (Stephen)
o Hellas – Greece
• Descent of Holy Spirit on Pentecost
o = reversal of Tower of Babel (all understand each other)
o list different people who came to Jerusalem
• Peter- bishop of Antioch (turkey now-border with Syria)
o City where people were first called Christian
o Now about 40 Christians
o Celebrate Easter- orthodox
o Christmas – Catholic Church
• Tarsus – St. Paul born there
o Founded Christian communities
▪ Colossae
▪ Ephesus
▪ Corinth
▪ Thessa/ Ionica
▪ Philippi
o Wrote letters to each group
o Paul = Great apostle
▪ Risen Christ
▪ Not human Jesus
▪ Saul of Tarsus = St. Paul
o Four missionary journeys
o Tentmaker- well off man
▪ Upper middle class
▪ Tent making business
o Studied as a young man in Jerusalem
▪ Jewish law, scripture, tradition
▪ Expensive family money
o Christianity = heresy
▪ Perseuted those ho elieed i the a
o Going to Antioch to get Christians out of synagogue moment of conversion
o Great Prosecutor Great Apostle
• First Great Debate
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
o Hellenistic Jews Christians
▪ Complained their poor/widow not receiving same care
▪ Against Hebrews
o Apostles busy preaching word
o Appoint 7 reputable men
▪ Stephen (man filled with faith/Holy Spirit)
• Subsequently first person Scriptures record as being martyred
(killed for religion)
• Saul saw Stephen being tried and stoned to death (blasphemy –
Jews)
o Vs Jesus crucified (treason- Romans)
o What do we do with gentiles that become Christians?
▪ James first become Jews (Jerusalem)
▪ Peter – unity must prevail
o Council of Jerusalem
▪ Peter, James, Paul, others Jerusalem to discuss matter
▪ Must they be circumcised (Paul- no, James- yes, Peter- netural)
▪ Vison dream of peter
• Eat kosher/ not kosher
• Christians not bound by external laws of people of Egypt
• acts 15
o voice get up and eat
o Rome
▪ Paul’s four joures
• Journey to Rome – not time there
▪ Nero really mad (Persecution of Nero)
• Coliseum Nero
• Artificial lake in valley drained (damnation of memory)
o Lake roman amphitheater
o Statue of Nero
▪ Colossus – knocked down
▪ Semi-circle flaviant amphitheater Coliseum
• Caesar, Tiberius, Nero (maddest build palace in Rome, clear
city- fire)
• Peter/Paul killed by Nero
o Peter- circus of Nero
o Besides “t. Peter’s Churh
o Paul was beheaded
• Caravaggio – Church where Luther stayed in Rome
o Conversion of St. Paul light shining on him
▪ Jesus of Nazareth why do you persecute me?
▪ Presumption – on donkey
o Peter crucified upside down
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
▪ Escape through via appla
• Across Italy Athens
▪ Met Lord Jesus
o Peter said dominae (Lord) quo vadis? Where are you
going? Rome to be crucified again
o Upside down (did not deserve to die same way as his
lord – early 70s)
• nothing about peter arriving in Rome in scriptures
o Circus of Nero buried nearby
o St. Peters church on top tomb
o No burial in ancient city outside (disease)
o close to where he was martyred
• Vatican
o Church to peter
o Constantine built church (312)
o Reformation – Pope Julius- not repair, knock down, make
new dome directly above tomb of Peter
• 1939- Pope Pius died (180-190 popes buried in St. Peter)
o dig grave fell into hole (1st century tomb) while digging
o memory had lost- 1st century graveyard
o reinforcement pillars excavations
▪ = tomb of Peter underneat h
▪ 1939
▪ beginning of WWII
▪ knew getting warmer graffiti
• prayer (Peter pray for us)
• be buried near Peter = blessing
▪ tomb was found empty disappointment
▪ directly underneath altar
• found trap door in tomb – sae struture i “t. peter’s to
o bones of someone from 1st century man/ age= 70
o wrapped in gold/purple cloth
o no bone from ankles down were found Christians got
body back, cut down off cross did’t get feet ak
o body – feet
o Paul 6
▪ Every reason to believe
• Tomb of peter bones of peter
• Care taken tot hide them/ ankles
• Glory of triumph all stands on self-giving of Jesus and people like
Peter/Paul with faith
• Paul beheaded
o Roman citizen
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Peter"s chur(cid:272)h: paul was beheaded, caravaggio church where luther stayed in rome, conversion of st. paul light shining on him. Peter/paul with faith: paul beheaded, roman citizen, not crucified or stoned, only to foreigners, beheaded outside of the city, t. Bad citizens best response look after people no one else wants/cares for: every = brother/sister all cared for, pull resources that all are taken care for. Augusti(cid:374)e"s do(cid:272)tri(cid:374)e of origi(cid:374)al si(cid:374: only receive grace through sacrament / only enter heaven through grace, reservation of chrismation to bishop, augusti(cid:374)e"s do(cid:272)tri(cid:374)e. Ixoyc jesus christ son of god: anchor steadies a ship on the water, persecutions, maryrs = witness, nero, trajan (98-117): ignatius of antioch, marcus aurelius (161-180): polycarp, dioclesian. John polycarp of smyrna irranaeus of lyons: martyred in 202, bear true faith, faith = apostolic passed from one another. In turn instructed by john faith passed down.
