HIS 1003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Caravel, Mehmed The Conqueror, Marrano
Document Summary
Early global contacts and global empires: mongols, mali, ottomans, new european. Spread of islam, 600-732: muhammed, the final prophet (c. 570-632) Jesus is also a human prophet: quran=words of allah in arabic, creation of umma (community of faithful) attempt to build unified islamic empire. Basic beliefs of islam: sharia=islamic law, five pillars of islam: Islam promoted: education, travel (hajj to mecca, trade. African empires: ghana, 9-13th centuries, mali, 13th-15th centuries, songhay, 15th-16th centuries. Abraham cresques, catalan atlas, 1375: drew on writings by marco polo and ibn battuta to create map, converso from majorca (spain) Ming dynasty (confucian)(1368-1644: eunuch admiral zheng he , 3rd ming emperor yongle. East african swahili states: trading empires. Why did chinese exploration stop in 1433: reassert confucian values: focus attention on agriculture and local villages, return of the mongols: focus on combating the mongols. Motivations for european sea travel: silk road falls apart, challenge from the ottoman empire 1289, osman makes the turks into warriors (ghazi)
