PR 680 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Null Hypothesis

• School: Ball State University
• Department: Public Relations
• Course: PR 680
• Professor: Dr. Sungwon Chung

Document Summary

If it"s possible, you can try to begin your study with no prior assumptions. Research questions: less certainty; more room to move. Posing research questions allows a researcher to focus more precisely on a topic. Open-ended research questions: these ask if there is a relationship between variables. Close-ended questions: these focus on the direction of the relationship. Open ended questions are good for exploratory studies constructed when you don"t have a lot of evidence to what"s going on. With more evidence, you can construct a close ended question to test the direction of the relationship between variables. With more evidence and theoretical support, you can potentially predict relationships and make hypotheses. Hypotheses: statements about relationships that we expect to find between variables. Two-tailed hypotheses: these state that there is a relationship between variables but they don"t specify the direction of that relationship. H1: there is a relationship between level of involvement in video gaming and academic performance.