BIOL 1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Heterozygote Advantage, Acer Rubrum, Acer Saccharum
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BIOL 1020 Full Course Notes
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Diploidy, balanced polymorphism (balancing selection): where natural selection helps to maintain diversity within a population- the two methods by which this can occur: heterozygote advantage (superiority) when you select for two alleles you are preserving genetic diversity. Ex: sickle cell anemia: frequency dependent selection: where the fitness of any one phenotype declines if it becomes too common in the population. Ex: water boatmen color: when all three phenotypes (morphs) are present in equal frequencies in the population the fish will naturally go for the least camouflaged one. However, if one phenotype becomes too frequent the fish will eat it back into normalcy. Speciation: a species is a group of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated from other groups. How are species named: all discovered species are named using the binomial nomenclature system. Ex: acer rubrum (red maple)/ acer saccharum (sugar maple)/ Felis paralis (ocelot)/ sciurus carolinensis (eastern grey squirrel: species can belong to the same genus.
