ECN 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Foreign Exchange Market, Reserve Requirement, Money Market

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21 Dec 2020

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Reserve bank of australia (rba) the rba has two major roles: To maintain the financial integrity and stability of the australian financial system. Monetary policy is action taken by the rba to affect interest rates in order to target inflation. Full employment of the labour force stability of the australian currency. Economic prosperity and welfare for the people of australia. Open market operations are purchases and sales of government securities made by the central bank in order to change high-powered money. An open market purchase (sale) of bonds would increase (decrease) the money supply, Required reserves are the reserves that central bank regulations require depository institutions to hold. An increase (decrease) in the required reserve ratio would tend to decrease (increase) the money supply. The rba sometimes intervenes in the foreign exchange market to affect exchange rates. The buying and selling of foreign exchange affects the money base. The quantity equation was a model developed by classical economists:

Related Questions

1. Explain completely how each of the following tools of monetary policy is used to increase bank reserves and the money supply.

a. Required reserve ratio.

b. Federal reserve discount rate relative to the federal funds rate.

c. Open market operations.

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1. A restrictive monetary policy by the Fed should lead to:

A. A decrease in investment and an increase in aggregate demand.

B. Leave investment unchanged but decrease aggregate demand.

C. An increase in investment and an increase in aggregate demand.

D. A decrease in investment and a decrease in aggregate demand.

2. When the Federal Reserve uses open market operations (OMO) in an expansionary monetary policy:

A. The Fed will purchase stocks from banks, increasing the monetary base.

B. The Fed will buy bonds from banks, increasing bank reserves and increasing the monetary base.

C.The Fed will lower taxes and increase government spending.

D. The Fed will decrease the discount rate, decreasing the monetary base.

3. A primary goal of monetary policy is to:

A. Eliminate trade barriers from other nations.

B. Maintain high interest rates.

C. Reduce the size of the banking sector.

D. Prevent high rates of inflation.

4. The major tools of monetary policy available to the Federal Reserve System involve:

A. Reserve requirements and tax policy.

B. Reserve requirements and open-market operations.

C. The discount rate and exchange rates.

D. Open-market operations and changing government spending,

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5. Fiscal policy is enacted through changes in

A. interest rates and the price level.

B. the supply of money and foreign exchange.

C. unemployment and inflation

D. taxation and government spending.

6. In an economy, the government wants to decrease aggregate demand by $48 billion at each price level to decrease real GDP and control demand-pull inflation. If the MPS is 0.25, then it could

A. increase taxes by $16 billion.

B. increase taxes by $24 billion.

C. decrease government spending by $10 billion.

D. decrease government spending by $16 billion.

7. If there is a constitutional requirement to maintain a balanced budget, then during a recession when tax revenues are shrinking, the government will have to implement

A. contractionary fiscal policy.

B. no change in fiscal policy.

C. expansionary fiscal policy.

D. countercyclical fiscal policy.

8. Most economists believe that fiscal policy is:

A. better than the monetary policy for "fine-tuning" the economy.

B. better than the monetary policy for month-to-month stabilization.

C. not as good as the monetary policy for month-to-month stabilization.

D. not very good at pushing the economy in a particular direction.

9. An increase in the legal reserve ratio

A. increases the money supply by increasing excess reserves

B. decreases the money supply by decreasing excess reserves

C. increases the money supply by decreasing excess reserves

D. decreases the money supply by increasing excess reserves

10. The discount rate is the rate of interest at which

A. Federal Reserve Banks lend to commercial banks

B. savings and loan associations lend to some builders

C. Federal Reserve Banks lend to large corporations.

D. commercial banks lend to large corporations

11. Which of the following actions by the Fed most likely increase commercial bank lending?

A. raising the reserve ratio

B. increasing the federal funds rate target

C. reducing the interest paid on excess reserves held at the Fed

D. selling bonds to commercial banks and the public

12. Assume the economy is operating at less than full employment. An expansionary monetary policy will cause interest rates to ______, which will ______ investment spending.

A. decrease; decrease

B. decrease; increase

C. increase; increase

D. increase; decrease

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ECN 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Foreign Exchange Market, Reserve Requirement, Money Market

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