ES 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Periosteum, Hyaline Cartilage, Endosteum
Document Summary
Bone and skeletal tissue: axial skeleton. Bones of the skull, vertebrae and rib cage: appendicular skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower libs, shoulder and hip. Classification of bones by shape: long bones: longer than they are wide, allow us to move and provide support, short bones: cube shaped bones of wrist, knee and ankle. Bone markings: bulges, depressions and holes that serve as: Function of bones: support, protection for organs, movement (work with muscles, mineral storage (especially calcium and phosphorus, blood cell formation. Bone textures: compact bone: dense outer layer, spongy bone: honeycomb of trabeculae filled with yellow bone marrow. Structure of long bones: consist of diaphysis and epiphysis. Tubular shaft that forms axis of long bones. Composed of compact bone that surrounds the medullary cavity (where bone marrow is) Epiphyseal line separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis. Double layered protective outer membrane: endosteum. Delicate membrane covering internal surfaces of bone.
