AST-1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Atomic Orbital, Bohr Model, Grape
Document Summary
Atoms consist of a compact atomic nucleus (protons and neutrons) and a cloud of. An atom is mostly empty space in the electron cloud. If the hydrogen atom was magnified by 10^12 (trillion), it would be ~2. 5 times the length of a football field, and its nucleus would be the size of a grape seed. As for its density, one teaspoon of the atomic nucleus would weigh ~2 billion tons. Hydrogen and helium together make up 90% of the universe; carbon, nitrogen, and. Oxygen together make up 9% of the universe. Bohr model of the atom shows electron orbitals. Neutrons control isotopes (carbon-12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons; carbon-13 has 6. Protons control what element you have protons and 7 neutrons, and is therefore heavier) Electrons determine if you have a charge, or an ion. Atoms are actually 3-dimensional, unlike what is shown in the bohr model.
