NATS 1560 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: High Fructose Corn Syrup, Lactose Intolerance, Carbohydrate
21 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Nutrients that we need in relatively large amounts. Use as fuel to stay alive and do the things we do. Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are the three macronutrients that are the main sources of energy. Main source of energy for human body produced by plants through photosynthesis (capture energy from sun creating carbohydrates) Monosaccharides (or single sugars- monomers, basic units): glucose, fructose, galactose. Disaccharides (or double sugars): sucrose, maltose, lactose. We have receptors on our tongue that can taste these and these carbohydrates are sweet in taste. Digestion breaks these down into smaller units and then they are absorbed and use by our bodies. Lactose-tolerant people don"t have enzymes to break down lactose into glucose and galactose. Glycogen: animals" store of energy (in our livers and muscles, used when glucose in our blood is too low) Fibre: plants" structure (outer layer of leaves, skin of fruits), passes through digestive tract, don"t have enzyme to digest fibre.
