MODR 1770 Lecture Notes - Inductive Reasoning, Contraposition, Soundness
Document Summary
Relevancy fallacy of irrelevancy committed (emotional language) Acceptability fallacy of ambiguity (faulty language) Sufficiency fallacy of presumption (prejudge something without any evidence) The conclusion follows with certainty because all the statements are logically connected. (cannot accept premise, but deny conclusion, vice versa). There is a necessary relationship between the two. Inference is a logical operation how we draw one statement from another statement. Truth: what is in accordance with facts. Validity: the correctness of how we extract the conclusion from other statements. Argument is valid if the conclusion is correctly inferred from other statements. Soundness: truth of the premise and the validity of the premise. Persuasive claim is that claim is debatable. Supported claim: the back hop to the conclusions. Part 1 of test: given 5 statements: tell him whether they"re empirical (sensory knowledge), conceptual (virtue by definition of the key terms), normative (norms, values and judgments of society), or metaphysical (they are non-verifiable). (no transcendental)