HIST 2500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Henry Youle Hind, John Palliser, Charlottetown Conference
12 Jan 2017
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Thursday November 24, 2016
Canadian History: Pre-Confederation
Week 11
Confederation and the Idea of Canada
Confederation and the Idea of Canada
• Why did the three colonies agree to confederation?
• Did confederation create a new nation?
• Was there a common British North American national identity?
• How independent was the new nation-state?
Key Points
• Maritime Union
• Rep by Pop
• George Brown
• Double Majority
• Federal Principle
• 1867 British North America Act
• Peace, Order, and Good Government
Maritime Union
• Lt. Governor of New Brunswick, Arthur Hamilton Gordon
• US Civil War
• Trent Crisis, 1861
- Further fear of Americans
• Inter colonial Railway
• Not a popular movement
- Movement excluded women, indigenous and ordinary people entirely
- Confederation described as a conspiracy
- Supported by political leadership of these colonies
- 3 premiers of the maritime colonies held a meeting
- Before the meeting governor general of upper Canada request to allow delegation of
Canadian colonies to join
• Charlottetown conference
• Viscount Monck
The Canada’s and the Origins of Confederation
• 1840 Act of Union unites Upper and Lower Canada
• 1840-1865 constitution produced unstable government
find more resources at oneclass.com
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2
• 1840 popularizations of Canada east complained about the seats
• 1851: Canada West has a larger population than Canada East
• 1850s Canada west complained about having the same amount of seats as Canada east
because now Canada west is saying they are bigger
• Wanted representation by population
• Problem for Canada: no party was able to win a majority of seats for a majority
government
• This meant that they had to create alliances in order to govern
• Double Majority
• Globe
• Western Expansionist Movement
• Saw Ruberts land as a growth of population
• 1857 expeditions: Henry Youle Hind and John Palliser
• 1863: Deadlock in Canadian assembly
The Canadian Coalition
• 1864 defeat of Conservative/Bleu government
• Clear that they had to come up with a new way to govern that would change the way of
the colony
• Viscount Monck refuses to dissolve assembly
• 16 June 1864 meeting at St. Louis Hotel
- Brown represented a new idea, new collation
- Coalition of the conservations, the bleu and the reform party of Canada west
- They would form a government on the agreement that the government would seek a
constitutional transformation of the Canadian colony that would form a federal
constitution
- One that would unite with the other colonies of British north America
- Request that would pass a new law to create a new nation government and new nation
state
- Agreed to do this
The 1864 Charlottetown conference
• Queen Victoria departs 18 August 1864
• Closed-door conference
- Only thing we know about this meeting is what is said in the diaries
• Take a federal structure, called the: Federal principle
- Local governments governed together by a central government
- Independent provinces worked together with central government
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Key points: maritime union, rep by pop, george brown, double majority, federal principle, 1867 british north america act, peace, order, and good government. Governor of new brunswick, arthur hamilton gordon: us civil war, trent crisis, 1861. Inter colonial railway: not a popular movement. Movement excluded women, indigenous and ordinary people entirely. Supported by political leadership of these colonies. 3 premiers of the maritime colonies held a meeting. Before the meeting governor general of upper canada request to allow delegation of. Canadian colonies to join: charlottetown conference, viscount monck. The canada"s and the origins of confederation: 1840 act of union unites upper and lower canada, 1840-1865 constitution produced unstable government. Brown represented a new idea, new collation. Coalition of the conservations, the bleu and the reform party of canada west. They would form a government on the agreement that the government would seek a constitutional transformation of the canadian colony that would form a federal constitution.
