ENVS 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Plant Cell, Lysosome, Nucleoid

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What is a cell? replication: every organism composed of 1 or more cells, cell is smallest unit having properties of life such as self-organization and self, continuity of life arises from growth and division of single cells. Cell can survive on its own or has potential to do so. The surface area to volume ratio, s/v = 3/r. As the radius (half of diameter) of a cell increases, the surface area/volume ratio declines. Spherical cell increases in size, the volume increases faster than the surface area after a certain radius size the rate of supply of external compounds is limiting. There is a maximum cell size in nature. To overcome this, multicellular plants and animals have dedicated transport systems like the cardiovascular system. Two types of cells: no internal membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic (evolved from prokaryotes (modern)): has internal organization: membrane-bound organelles which perform specialized activities. Dna is not enclosed in a membrane-bound cell nucleus.

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