BIOL 2900 Lecture Notes - Dna Polymerase Iii Holoenzyme, Dna Replication, Gram-Negative Bacteria
Document Summary
> translatio900n (by ribosomes) -> proteins (polypeptide chain) * proteins lead to and make up the phenotype. Phenotype: the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences. Atom: most basic piece of matter (+proton, neutron and surrounded by - electrons); smallest chemical unit of matter. Molecule: larger unit comprises of two or more atoms; atoms connected together by chemical bonds. Dna: molecule responsible for transmission of information from one generation to the next in all forms of cellular life on this planet (mainly comprises of nitrogen bases) The dna structure contains linkages between sugars, phosphates and nitrogen bases. Nucleotides: i) phosphate group ii) sugar (deoxyribose in dna & ribose in rna) iii) nitrogenous base *nucleotides are monomers. Nucleic acid structure- nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides which are the building blocks of dna and rna.
