BIOL 2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Phosphorylation, Moodle
13 May 2018
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Feb 13th (Lecture 11)
• Chapter 15, General properties of signaling. Classification of receptors
(find on moodle). What kinds of proteins you might find in a signaling pathway.
Phosphorylation can switch things on and off. Or GTP binding protein. In a
signaling complex, we looked at a scaffolding protein, a phosphorylated receptor
(kinases)...
• Looking at more general properties of signaling pathways.
• Signal integration: problem → some responses require multiple input. Have to
integrate that info and decide what to do depending on the info.
• Fig. 15-4 multiple extracellular signals. Signaling proteins that take info to
downstream molecules. 2 different receptors receiving 2 different signals, and
they might phosphorylate or dephosphorylate the same cell.
o Most cells respond to many different signals in the environment, and some
of these signals may influence the response to other signals. One of the
key challenges in cell biology is to determine how a cell integrates all of
this signaling information in order to make decisions—to divide, to move,
to differentiate, and so on. Many cells, for example, require a specific
combination of extracellular survival factors to allow the cell to continue
living; when deprived of these signals, the cell activates a suicide program
and kills itself—usually by apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death.
• Feedback loops: (828-829)
• Problem → how to regulate response to signal.
• Fig 15-17, positive and negative feedback. Positive: response activates its own
activation. Negative: response inhibits its own activation.
o most intracellular signaling systems incorporate feedback loops, in which
the output of a process acts back to regulate that same process. In
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Feb 13th (lecture 11: chapter 15, general properties of signaling. What kinds of proteins you might find in a signaling pathway. In a signaling complex, we looked at a scaffolding protein, a phosphorylated receptor (kinases): looking at more general properties of signaling pathways, signal integration: problem some responses require multiple input. Have to integrate that info and decide what to do depending on the info: fig. Signaling proteins that take info to downstream molecules. 2 different receptors receiving 2 different signals, and they might phosphorylate or dephosphorylate the same cell: most cells respond to many different signals in the environment, and some of these signals may influence the response to other signals. One of the key challenges in cell biology is to determine how a cell integrates all of this signaling information in order to make decisions to divide, to move, to differentiate, and so on.
