BCHM 2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Mesenchymal Stem Cell, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors, Smooth Muscle Tissue
15 Aug 2016
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Bchm2021 lecture 11 chapter 22: stem cells and tissue renewal. Crypt: invagination in the descending connective tissue lining the gut where division and differentiation occur. Differentiated cells ascend to the tip of the villi then undergo apoptosis to be replenished in 3-5 days. Just above the crypt, the layer of paneth cells descend and (surviving for weeks) have some stem cells (cycling every 24 hours) Stem cells can divide for an unlimited number of times as it produces a daughter cell that"s the same (self renewal) or a terminally differentiated cell. A hereditary higher susceptibility to colorectal cancer from cells proliferating uncontrollably as the regulator protein produced by the apc (adenomatus polyposis coli) gene. Daughter cell determination: asymetric division: heritable material goes to one side before cell division which leads the resultant daughter cell to be another stem cell; the one without would terminally differentiate. Cell diversification via notch signaling and wnt signalling.
