PS295 Lecture Notes - Simple Random Sample, Cluster Sampling, Sampling Error
Document Summary
Solvable problems (something that has an answer that is objective and can be found) Basic research: increases knowledge about a subject, understand something. Applied research: finds a solution for a specific problem. Psychological research attempts to: describe, predict, explain, sometimes control, behavior. Authority (gaining knowledge from an expert in the subject) Theory: explain a large number of facts, findings, propositions that attempt to specify the interrelationships among a set of concepts. Hypothesis: statement of relation thought to exist between 2 characteristics (ex. If-then), seeks general principles that account for many observations. Has falsifiability (can be proven wrong), parsimony (no unnecessary assumptions, simplest explaination), strength of empirical support ( methodological pluralism - tested with several methods, strong inference - pitting two hypotheses against one another) Induction: reasoning with specific instances to arrive at a general proposition. Deduction: using a general proposition to explain a specific instance. Causal- changes in x result in changes of y.
