PS268 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Growth Hormone, Clenbuterol, Glucocorticoid
Document Summary
International olympic committee in 1968 established rules requiring the disqualification of any competitor who refused to take a test or fails one: steroids not officially banned until the 70s because a sensitive urine test wasn"t available until then. Stimulants as performance enhancers: athletes performed better under amphetamines but the improvements were small, studies showed if amphetamines created even a 1% difference it would be important, caffeine increases endurance. Steroids: have both anabolic (tissue growth) and androgenic (masculinising) effects. Other hormonal manipulations: human growth hormone, a pituitary hormone responsible for some types of gigantism. Beta-2 agonists: clenbuterol was developed as a treatment for asthma and can cause an increase in muscle mass. Increasing the number of red blood cells in the blood to improve aerobic capacity and endurance: extremely dangerous.
