PS267 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Parahippocampal Gyrus, Perirhinal Cortex, Neocortex
Midterm: chapters 8, 9, 10
70 MC questions
Imaging Human Memory
● Recollection vs familiarity
○ Recollection: having obvious memory of something
○ Familiarity: having a feeling of something
○ Study: patients memorize list of words, while still in scanner, give them series of
words and ask if they were words on list
■ When they correctly remember the word, can see that hippocampus
(particularly left) get BOLD response → hippocampus important for
recollection
○ Study: words presented, patient scanned, asked if they were confident about if
they had seen word before
■ As recognition confidence increases, so does perirhinal cortex activity
(during encoding) → perirhinal cortex important for familiarity → decreases
in BOLD with increasing familiarity
○ Recognition based on the recollection of episodic information: hippocampus and
posterior parahippocampal cortex (perirhinal)
○ Recognition based on familiarity: perirhinal cortex
○ Semantically related items (words sugar and sweet) are treated the same by
hippocampus (hippocampus can’t tell diff but perirhinal can)
Role of Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Episodic Encoding and Retrieval
● Left hemisphere advantage for both encoding and retrieval
● Right - retrieval of episodic info
● Left - encoding
● Left - retrieval of semantic info
● H.E.R.A - hemisphere encoding and retrieval asymmetry
Role of Modality Specific Cortex in Encoding and Retrieval
● To retrieve, say, auditory info, use auditory regions again
● Encoding Words - left hem activation
● Encoding Nameable objects - bilateral activation
● Encoding Faces - right hem activation
● Similar regions light up upon retrieval that lit up upon encoding
Emerging evidence that posterior systems are also involved - so far we have emphasized
anterior medial area
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Document Summary
Study: patients memorize list of words, while still in scanner, give them series of words and ask if they were words on list. When they correctly remember the word, can see that hippocampus (particularly left) get bold response hippocampus important for recollection. Study: words presented, patient scanned, asked if they were confident about if they had seen word before. As recognition confidence increases, so does perirhinal cortex activity (during encoding) perirhinal cortex important for familiarity decreases in bold with increasing familiarity. Recognition based on the recollection of episodic information: hippocampus and posterior parahippocampal cortex (perirhinal) Semantically related items (words sugar and sweet) are treated the same by hippocampus (hippocampus can"t tell diff but perirhinal can) Role of lateral prefrontal cortex in episodic encoding and retrieval. Left hemisphere advantage for both encoding and retrieval. H. e. r. a - hemisphere encoding and retrieval asymmetry. Role of modality specific cortex in encoding and retrieval. To retrieve, say, auditory info, use auditory regions again.
