PS263 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Thrombus, Plasmin, Cannabinoid
Document Summary
Ischemia: blood clot or other obstruction in artery resulting in neuron being deprived of oxygen and glucose supply, most common, treated with tissue plasminogen activators (tpa) as it breaks up blood clots. Hemorrhage: ruptured artery, rare and fatal, can t use tpa. Edema: accumulation of fluid, increases pressure on brain and probability of additional stroke. Na/k pumps impaired: na accumulates inside neurons, causes excess release of glutamate which overstimulates, causing damage to neurons and synapses. Cannabinoids useful in stroke, if administered early, as they decrease release of glutamate and have anti-inflammatory effects, thus reducing brain damage. Diaschisis: the decreased activity of surviving neurons after damage to other neurons. Increasing stimulation to cells that used to receive input from neurons that are now damages, through increased dopamine release (ex. amphetamines), can help reactivate them. Secreted neurotrophins induce collateral sprouts that take over vacant space. If a certain set of synapses become inactive, the remaining synapses become more responsive.
