PS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Sleep Deprivation, Reuptake, Narcolepsy
Sleep Continued…
● Average sleep cycle 90 minutes
● More REM sleep (dreaming) near wake time
Sleep and the Environment
Effects of environmental factors
● Changes in season
● Shiftwork, stress
● Noise
○ Increase arousal and heart rate
○ Decrease time in deep slow-wave sleep
○ Increase time in less restful sleep
Sleep and Age
● Sleep less
● REM sleep decreases during infancy, childhood vs when newborn
● Time in stages 3,4, (slow-wave sleep) declines
Short and Long Sleepers
● Many individual differences in sleep time
● Why?
● Genes
○ More similar patterns among identical twins
○ Lark-fast increase in body temperature, owl-slow increase in body temperature
○ Long and short sleepers (avg required 6.5 hours, 6-10)
● Environmental Factors
○ Time of day, lifestyle
Sleep Deprivation
*Types of sleep deprivation
● Short-term → up to 45 hours without sleep
● Long-term → more than 45 hours
● Partial → no more than 5 hours/night for 1 or more consecutive nights
*Negative impact on functioning
● Mood suffered most (irritable)
● Followed by decrements in cognitive and physical performance
*Underestimate negative effects
● Takes several nights to recover
● Do not make up all sleep time lost
● REM rebound to make up
Sleep Disorders
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Document Summary
More rem sleep (dreaming) near wake time. Rem sleep decreases during infancy, childhood vs when newborn. Time in stages 3,4, (slow-wave sleep) declines. Lark-fast increase in body temperature, owl-slow increase in body temperature. Long and short sleepers (avg required 6. 5 hours, 6-10) Short-term up to 45 hours without sleep. Partial no more than 5 hours/night for 1 or more consecutive nights. Followed by decrements in cognitive and physical performance. Do not make up all sleep time lost. Insomnia can(cid:3244)t get to sleep, wake too quickly/easily, life stressors. Sleep apnea breathing stops / awaken. Narcolepsy suddenly fall asleep / often rem / often at (cid:3247)exciting times(cid:3248) Can start at around 3 years of age and go to age 5-7. Vivid, emotional, story like, can be bizarre. We dream about fears, wishes, plans, hopes, and worries - the things we focus on while awake.
