PS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Observer-Expectancy Effect, Caffeine, Informed Consent
Document Summary
Naturalistic observation: not being forced to do so, first time seeing, describing and where ethics does not manipulate you and your observations, have to wait for the event to occur, observer"s bias, inflated set of reports. Lab observation: more controlled than the above, different environment will affect behavior, eg. lab vs. natural setting (a bar) Case study: limited participants, select/limited (person with half a brain, doesn"t generalize to a wide population. No cause and effect cant make something happen eg. bullying. Independent the one you manipulate (control eg. how many hours studying) Dependent the one you measure/record (exam performance) Control does not get the manipulation (no beverage, water: eliminates extraneous variables, another element that you must control for, how one is put into the study & conditions. Can establish cause and effect (eg. smoking cigarettes, humans and animals used) Limitations: selection bias smart vs. dumb.
