PS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Retina, Olfaction, Olfactory Nerve
Document Summary
Smell (olfaction: receptors in joints/muscles, receptor cells found in taste buds, dissolved in fluid, the mucus in the nose. Pathway taste buds neural impulse thalamus cortex: four primary senses sweet, sour, bitter, and salty, taste learned and social processes. Physical stimuli substances carried in the air. Pathway olfactory cilia neural impulse olfactory nerve olfactory. Kinesthesis knowing the position of the various parts of the body. Eeg monitoring of brain electrical activity. The electroencephalograph: a physiological index of consciousness: amplitude (height, frequency (cycles per second) Circadian rhythms 24 hours biological cycles. Physiological pathway of the biological clock: regulation of sleep/other body functions, light levels retina suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus pineal gland secretion of melatonin. Instruments: electroencephalograph brain and electrical activity, electromyograph muscle activity, electrooculograph eye movements, other bodily functions also observed. Stage 1: brief, transitional (1-7 minutes: alpha > theta, hypnic jerks. Stages 3 & 4: slow wave sleep (30 minutes)
