HE435 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Oncogene, Carcinogen, Mutation
Document Summary
What is the source of oncogenes: mutation of a normal gene = change in dna sequence, causes of mutation, blank, blank, blank, mutations can be large or small. 3rd mutation: not all mutations that lead to cancerous cells can result in the cells reproducing at a faster, more uncontrolled rate, blank, after many cell divisions, a 3rd mutation may arise. If the mutation gives the cell some further advantage, that cell will grow more vigorously than its predecessors and thus speed up the growth of the tumour. 4th mutation: the new type of cells grow rapidly, blank, the next mutation paves the way for the development of an even more aggressive cancer, blank. Angiogenesis: by the time the tumour has broken through the basement membrane (above), angiogenesis takes place, blank, without blood & nutrients, a tumour would be unable to continue growing, blank. It soon contains millions of cells: blank.
