EC120 Lecture 16: Monopolies II

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24 Nov 2015

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Monopoly one seller; identical market multiple sellers. There is no substitutes in this market. In perfectly competitive market, no welfare cost. Price is higher than marginal cost they make a profit. Price discrimination: so far we have been assuming that the monopoly firm charges the same prices to all customers. In many cases, firms try to sell the same good to different customers for different prices: price discrimination: the business practise of selling the same good at different prices, a competitive market cannot take part in price discrimination. A parable about pricing : well known australian author that has many of her fans in australia. Hard-core enthusiasts are willing to pay a higher price . She is the only novelist with a specific style that many people like, therefore she technically has a monopoly. If we charge in canada, we are losing potential customers! Canada willing to purchase the book, but is much too high a price.

Related Questions

Question 1

The amount of profit that can be achieved using uniform pricing is __________ the profit that can be achieved from price discrimination because of _______.

Select one:

a. greater than; the cost of trying to determine every single consumer's individual demand (willingness to pay) is prohibitively expensive.

b. less than; uniform pricing is more costly so the ATC and AVC curves are higher than they are under price discrimination.

c. equal to; the TR and TC curves are equivalent under either pricing scheme, so there is no profit advantage to either scheme.

d. less than; total demand includes people who would be willing to pay more than, as well as less than, the uniform market price.

Question 2

A firm selling in two markets is practicing price discrimination:

Select one:

a. when it refuses to sell the good to some group of consumers.

b. anytime it charges different consumers different prices.

c. when it charges the same price to different consumers as long as they differ in their demand for the good.

d. when it is charging different consumers, different prices, and the price difference is not based upon cost differences.

Question 3

To successfully practice price discrimination:

Select one:

a. consumers in two separate markets must have identical demand.

b. the firm must possess market power.

c. it must be easy for consumers in one market to sell to consumers in the other market.

d. the firm must be a pure monopoly.

Question 4

If it could practice first-degree price discrimination, a firm with market power could earn:

Select one:

a. its typical monopoly profit as well as the area which, under uniform pricing, would represent the deadweight loss associated with market power.

b. an area half the size of its monopoly power under uniform pricing.

c. its typical monopoly profit as well as the area which, under uniform pricing, would represent consumer surplus.

d. its typical monopoly profit as well as the area which, under uniform pricing, would represent consumer surplus and the deadweight loss associated with market power.

erinant26

With two-part pricing

Select one:

A. consumers are required to buy two units of a good.

B. the consumer is limited in the number of units that can be purchased.

C. the average price paid varies with the number of units purchased.

D. the consumer puts down a deposit and then pays the rest when she picks up the goods purchased.

Which of the following sellers is most able to perfectly price discriminate?

Select one:

A. the post office

B. a clothing store

C. a grocery supermarket

D. a college or university

3.Consumers are better off with pricing in the following order: 1)________; 2)________; 3)________.

Select one:

A. competitive market; single-price monopoly; perfect price discrimination

B. single-price monopoly; competitive market; perfect price discrimination

C. competitive market; perfect price discrimination; single-price monopoly

D. Unable to determine.

4.Group price discrimination has ________ consumer surplus than under ________.

Select one:

A. more; an elastic demand curve

B. less; single-price monopoly

C. less; perfect competition

D. more; perfect competition

6. If a firm is to capture all consumer surplus with two-part pricing when customers are different

Select one:

A. it must be able to charge different access fees.

B. it must set unit price below marginal cost.

C. it must set unit price above marginal cost.

D. it cannot charge different prices for access fees.

7. All firms can increase profits using price discrimination.

Select one:

A. true, because firms can sell different versions of a product that is just right for an individual consumer

B. true, because market demand curves are downward sloping

C. false, because consumers aren't forced to buy a producer's products

D. false, because some firms are in competitive markets

For a perfect-price-discriminating monopoly, the marginal revenue curve

Select one:

A. varies for each consumer.

B. is the demand curve.

C. is the same as the monopolist's marginal revenue curve.

D. lies below the demand curve.

A good example of perfect price discrimination is

9. Select one:

A. buying a concert ticket on the street corner.

B. selling concert tickets to individuals on the street corner.

C. buying concert tickets at the ticket window.

D. selling concert tickets at the ticket window.

10. Suppose all individuals are identical, and their monthly demand for Internet access from a certain leading provider can be represented as p = 5 - (1/2)q where p is price in $ per hour and q is hours per month. The firm faces a constant marginal cost of $1. The profit-maximizing two-part tariff yields total revenue of

Select one:

A. $32.

B. $40.

C. $24.

D. $16.

amaranthmanatee1

Discuss until July 15, 2018. After the deadline, this link will close.

1. Suppose a firm is operating in a competitive market and is maximizing profit by producing at the point where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Now suppose that consumer wealth decreases in this market (and the good is a normal good). What might you expect to happen to the profit-maximizing output quantity for the firm?

2. In what ways are profit-maximizing and loss-minimizing the same? In what ways are they different?

3. Suppose that De Beers and the local water utility are both monopolists, in the markets for diamond jewelry and water, respectively. If both monopolies decided to raise prices 15 percent, which monopoly would be more likely to see its total revenue decrease? Why?

4. Until the 1980s, AT&T held a monopoly over the national market for phone services. Suppose that AT&T argued that it was a natural monopoly, because the fixed cost of creating a nationwide phone network generated huge economies of scale, and that there was therefore no welfare loss associated with its monopoly. Counter this argument by explaining how even a natural monopoly causes deadweight loss.

5. Explain why an oligopolist (with few competitors) pays more attention to what its competitors are doing than a producer in a competitive market (with many competitors) does.

6. Given that the market for smartphones is inefficient, explain why consumers of smartphones might not want the price to be regulated.

EC120 Lecture 16: Monopolies II

EC120 Full Course Notes

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