BI111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Gamete, Homologous Chromosome, Sister Chromatids
Document Summary
Encoded in polynucleoide chains in a language with 4 leters : a to t, c to g. Old strands acts as a template for dna replicaion. In order to catch mistakes that were made: ensuring that the right matching pairs are taking place. At the basis of all diversity on earth, everything comes from various geneic variaions. Wouldn"t be here without mutaions as everyone would be the same. Higher in rna viruses (10-3 to 10-5 mutaions base-1 generaion-1) than in dna viruses (10-6 to 10- Higher in mitochondrial dna (3x10-6 to 2. 7x10-5) than in genomic dna (2. 5x10-8) Higher in asexual species than sexual species. In humans ~1. 1x10-8 mutaions, per site per generaion. Every ime a cell divides, around 30-50 mutaions arise between generaions. Mutaions are the basis of life on earth. When a cell needs to replicate, unzip on a speciic part of the double helix and use as a template.
