BI110 Lecture 25: Module 27 - Fermentation
Document Summary
Anaerobic respiration: non-oxygen molecules (sulphate, nitrate, etc. ) as electron receptors, 25% less atp than aerobic respiration. Fermentation: endogenous molecules (pyruvate, acetaldehyde, etc. ) as electron receptors, 93% less atp than aerobic respiration. Although they lack mitochondria, prokaryotes have respiratory electron transport chains, located on internal membranes. Many prokaryotes do aerobic respiration; some prokaryotes do anaerobic respiration (uses a molecule that isn"t o2 as terminal electron acceptor: sulphate, nitrate and ferric ion are common electron acceptors (extreme environments) In molecules that depend on oxygen, if it is present, the citric acid cycle will happen after glycolysis. If oxygen is not present, it will enter fermentation after glycolysis pyruvate isn"t oxidized: fermentation is a process that attempts to make atp when cellular respiration is not possible, 2 types. After glycolysis, pyruvate turns into lactic acid (by product) Nad+ which can be used for glycolysis, which produces more atp. Yeast is a eukaryote that does this type: used to make beer, wine, bread etc.
