AN101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: James George Frazer, Auguste Comte, Social Evolution
Document Summary
Lecture two: anthropology, history, colonial, and post colonial realities. Tylor (first comprehensive definition of culture: that social facts can be observed positivism (auguste comte) 19th century, comparison of society to a biological organism function of parts (saint simone) Not everyone is equal: monogenesis: theory against polygenesis. G-d created everyone equally but in the course of evolution, some people fell from grace therefore became inferior: evolution: look at evolution as a scale of hierarchy. James frazer: magic = most primitive science, religion, science. 20th (cid:272)e(cid:374)tur(cid:455), ra(cid:272)e (cid:449)as repla(cid:272)ed (cid:271)(cid:455) idea of (cid:858)(cid:272)ulture(cid:859) to e(cid:454)plai(cid:374) differe(cid:374)(cid:272)e; explains diversity; different but equal. Other countries become places where resources can be found: trading companies had support from various states to go and trade certain resources, charters from monarchy (power and economics) to control trading routes. Trying to make all societies and all cultures adapt the e(cid:272)o(cid:374)o(cid:373)i(cid:272) (cid:448)alues a(cid:374)d e(cid:272)o(cid:374)o(cid:373)i(cid:272) s(cid:455)ste(cid:373) of the (cid:858)so (cid:272)alled(cid:859) de(cid:448)eloped countries.
