Sociology 1027A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Inductive Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning, Ethnography
26 Sep 2016
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Chapter 2 - research methods (p: 46 60) : quantitative research, focuses on numbers and statistics. b. Inductive reasoning (bottom up). d: highly specific selected small sample. They can lead us to draw incorrect conclusions. The truth is that it"s impossible to have a 100% scientific research project without biases interrupting. : find the theoretical area of interest, translate the abstract idea into a testable hypothesis, collect and analyze data, surveys, mean/median/mode, standard deviations, accept or reject the hypothesis. Variable: a measure of a concept that can vary. Operationalization: the process of translating a concept into a variable. (education, highest level or years of study?) Dependent variable (y): the variable that is acted upon and changes based on the independent variable. Independent variable (x): presumed cause in cause-and-effect relationship. Example: if women are doing better at school, gender is the independent variable and school performance is the dependent variable.
