Psychology 3130A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Deductive Reasoning, Validity, Inductive Reasoning

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 3130A/B
• Professor: John Paul Minda

Document Summary

Reasoning is going beyond the given information to comprehend a situation: making inferences and deductions, taking knowledge about what is known and drawing conclusions, and evaluate the conclusion you made, discovering something new by thinking. Inductive reasoning guided by bottom up process: observing things and then make conclusions, e. g. Discover that it is very hot: 4. Conclude that mcdonald"s coffee is very hot: that is a generalization, a form of inductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning: start with conclusion, and then make prediction about someone specific, using general to predict specific. Premise: your friend is waiting at starbucks or by the shoe store. Premise: your friend is not at starbucks. A syllogism is a deductive statement that has several components. Common operators are and, or, not, if, all, some, none: allow you to arrange the facts so you can determine is the conclusion is a valid one. The conclusion, is usually marked off with expressions like therefore & then.