Psychology 2301A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Clinical Psychology, Intellectual Disability, Personnel Selection
6 Nov 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Clinical psychology: class 4
(Ovoid day in the life of psychologists)
Axis 1- clinical disorder (mental illnesses)
Axis 2- Personality disorder or mental retardation
Axis 3- general medical assessment
Axis 4- Psychosocial and environmental factors
Axis 5- Global assessment adaptive functioning
What is clinical assessment?
⚫ Task of forming an accurate understanding of patient
⚫ Evaluate strengths/weaknesses
⚫ Conceptualize problem (form a testable hypothesis re: problem & modify to fit new
information)
⚫ Recommend solution/suggestion
Assessment Setting:
Major settings and types of assessment:
⚫ School
⚫ Learning disabilities
⚫ Behavioral problems
⚫ Psychiatric hospitals/clinics
⚫ Diagnosis
⚫ Treatment planning/recommendations
⚫ Medical settings
⚫ Forensic context
⚫ NCR & risk % fitness to stand trial
⚫ Treatment planning/recommendations
⚫ Jury selection
⚫ Industrial / organizational settings
⚫ Personnel selection
⚫ Insurance
⚫ Disability & claims for damages
Examples of assessment questions:
⚫ Does an elderly patient complaining of memory loss suffer from dementia?
⚫ Is an eccentric old man accused of shoplifting competent to stand trial?
⚫ Does a young patient with a history of drug abuse display subtle brain damage?
⚫ Is a person with mildly deviant personality test scores a good candidate for the job of
police officer?
Assessment Implications:
Can be large implications for individual, family and society pending the results of the
assessment:
⚫ Institutionalized
⚫ Proceed to trial
⚫ Hired or not hired
⚫ Hospitalized
⚫ How others respond to the person
⚫ Societal safety
⚫ Whether they get to parent their children
⚫ diagnostic label
Assessment Goals:
⚫ Develop rapport
⚫ Address referral question
⚫ Diagnosis
⚫ Etiology
⚫ Prognosis
⚫ Description
⚫ Prediction
⚫ Treatment planning and evaluation
* 91% of all practicing psychologists engage in assessment
Assessment and Treatment:
Assessment is also an integral component of treatment
• Case conceptualization (ongoing)
• Progress in treatment (ongoing)
• Treatment outcome
• Assessment relative
effectiveness of different
treatments
Planning
Data Collection
Data processing & hypothesis formation
Communication
Sources of Data:
⚫ Interview
⚫ Client, family, teachers
⚫ Tests (thousands)
⚫ Observations
⚫ Life records
⚫ Medical, legal, school records, letters
Top Assessment Tool:
95%
WAIS-3 93%
MMPI-2 85%
TAT 84%
Rorschach 82%
Bender-Gestalt 80%
Beck Depression Inventory 71%
Peabody Picture Vocabulary 50%
MCMI 49%
Selecting Assessment Tool:
Psychometrics
⚫ Reliability –
⚫ Internal consistency
⚫ Test-retest
⚫ Inter-rater (two different cluitions come up with same results)
⚫ Validity
⚫ Reliability – consistency in data measurement or agreement
⚫ Content validity – does it assess the entire construct?
⚫ Criterion validity – Correlated with other established criteria?
⚫ Predictive Validity – what does the score accurately depict?
Selecting Assessment Measure:
Other Consideration in Selecting Measures
⚫ Standardized norms?
⚫ Age group comparison?
⚫ Cultural consideration?
Final Product: the assessment report
⚫ Title and demographics
⚫ Source and reason for referral
⚫ Tests and procedures
⚫ Relevant background
⚫ Behavioral observations
⚫ Assessment results
⚫ Intellectual functioning
⚫ Personality functioning
⚫ Diagnostic impressions
⚫ Integration of findings
⚫ Summary and recommendations
Document Summary
Clinical psychology: class 4 (ovoid day in the life of psychologists) Task of forming an accurate understanding of patient. Conceptualize problem (form a testable hypothesis re: problem & modify to fit new information) Ncr & risk % fitness to stand trial. Can be large implications for individual, family and society pending the results of the assessment: Whether they get to parent their children. * 91% of all practicing psychologists engage in assessment. Assessment is also an integral component of treatment: case conceptualization (ongoing, progress in treatment (ongoing, treatment outcome, assessment relative effectiveness of different treatments. Inter-rater (two different cluitions come up with same results) Reliability consistency in data measurement or agreement. Definition: a conversation with a goal or a purpose. Use sensitivity, but also cover important areas. Ju(cid:374)g (cid:862)good ad(cid:448)i(cid:272)e is a dou(cid:271)tful (cid:396)e(cid:373)edy, (cid:271)ut (cid:374)ot da(cid:374)ge(cid:396)ous si(cid:374)(cid:272)e it has so little effe(cid:272)t(cid:863) Conversational styles (like or kind of careless choice of wording)
