Psychology 2135A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Deductive Reasoning, Tacit Assumption, Confirmation Bias

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 2135A/B
• Professor: John Paul Minda

Document Summary

Complex and high-level skill that fills up gaps in the evidence (bartlett: making inferences. Process of searching through a problem space (newell &simon: define parameters &solutions, find solution that maximizes success &minimizes effort. What we do when we are in doubt about how to act, what to believe, or what to desire (baron: overriding automatic responses, thinking about responses. Describe in 2 ways: focused thinking. Goal based, problem solving, decision making, reasoning: unfocused thinking. How do people use their memory, language &concepts: reasoning (arriving at a conclusion) Inference &predictions (predicting future outcomes &reducing uncertainty: arguments (persuading and evaluating, hypothesis testing, solving problems, making decisions, producing a creative output, becoming an expert. Reasoning: going beyond the given info to comprehend a situation, making inferences (inductive) &deduction (deductive, taking knowledge about what is known &drawing conclusions, discovering something new by thinking. People often have difficulty reasoning: complex series of operations. Need to consider several solutions at once.