Physiology 2130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Molecular Machine, Sarcolemma
25 May 2016
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Document Summary
Muscles are biological machines that use chemical energy from the breakdown and metabolism of food to perform useful work. 3 kinds of muscle cells: skeletal muscles: voluntary motion (what this module focuses on, smooth muscles: found within the walls of blood vessels, airways, various ducts, urinary bladder, uterus, and digestive tract, cardiac muscles: found in heart. Body contains over 600 diff muscles that have 3 functions: movement (what this module focuses on, heat production, body support and posture. Whole muscles are made up of bundles of fasciculi: fasciculi are surrounded by a white connective tissue called perimysium. Each fascicle is made up of groups of muscle cells or (muscle) fibers: muscle cells have more than 1 nucleus, surrounded by sarcolemma (muscle cell membrane) over which action potential is transmitted. Sarcolemma has small tube-like projections called transverse (t) tubules that extend down into the cell. These tubules conduct the action potential deep into the cell where contractile proteins are located.
