Physiology 1021 Lecture Notes - Citric Acid Cycle, Acetyl-Coa, Oxidative Phosphorylation

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coralimpala119

16 Oct 2011

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Metabolism is defined as the chemical changes that occur within a cell to manufacture energy, store energy, or build new cell structures. The two types of metabolism: anabolism is the creation of large molecules from small ones with the use of energy (atp, catabolism is the breakdown of large molecules into small ones resulting in the release of energy (atp). Triglycerides (make up most of the fat found in the body) consist of three fatty acid chains attached to one molecule of glycerol. Proteins consist of long chains of amino acids linked together. Carbohydrates are long chains of monosaccharides (like glucose) joined together. Glycogen: the carbohydrate glucose that is stored inside muscle and liver cells. Fats are stored as triglycerides inside fatty tissue called adipose tissue. The amino acids become structural or functional proteins inside the muscle cells. 1% of the total energy requirements of the body. Its reserves (in the form of glycogen) can last for roughly a day.

Related Questions

When you jog, most of the food energy you burn above your basal metabolic rate (BMR) ends up as internal energy that would raise your body temperature if it were not eliminated. The evaporation of perspiration is the primary mechanism for eliminating this energy. Determine the amount of water you lose to evaporation when running for 30 minutes at a rate that uses 400 kcal/h above your BMR. (That amount is often considered to by the "maximum fat-burning" energy output.) The metabolism of 1 gram of fat generates approximately 9.4 kcal of energy and produces approximately 1 gram of water. (The hydrogen atoms in the fat molecule are transferred to oxygen to form water.) What fraction of your need for water will be provided by fat metabolism? (The latent heat of vaporization of water at room temperature is 2.5 106 J/kg.)

Have you ever chewed on a wintergreen mint in front of a mirror inthe dark? If you have, you may have noticed some sparks of lightcoming out of your mouth as you chewed on the candy; and, withoutknowing it, you have experienced a physical phenomenon calledtriboluminescence. In this problem you will analyze some of the keyelements of triboluminescence in wintergreen candies.

When you break a sugar crystal with your teeth, energeticelectrons, released by the broken chemical bonds, collide withnitrogen molecules in the air. As a result of these collisions, theelectrons in the nitrogen molecules jump to a state of higherenergy; when they decay to their ground state, radiation isemitted.
Part A
Imagine that an electron in an excited state in a nitrogen moleculedecays to its ground state, emitting a photon with a frequency of8.88Ã1014 . What is the change in energy, , that the electronundergoes to decay to its ground state?
Express your answer in electron volts to three significantfigures.
=

Part B
Considering that the highest intensity in the nitrogen spectrum is,in fact, recorded for radiation with a frequency of about 8.88Ã1014, will your eyes be able to detect this radiation?
yes
no

Correct

Light with a frequency of 8.88Ã1014 (and a wavelength of 338 ) liesin the ultraviolet region and our eyes cannot detect it.
Since the spectrum of nitrogen is mostly in the ultraviolet range,why is it that our eyes detect a bright light when we chew on asugar candy? The answer is in the wintergreen flavoring! Oil ofwintergreen, or methyl salicylate, is a fluorescent substance thatabsorbs high-frequency ultraviolet radiation and emits light atlower frequency.
Part C
Image that the radiation emitted by the nitrogen at a frequency of8.88Ã1014 is absorbed by an electron in a molecule of methylsalicylate. As a result, the electron in the wintergreen oilmolecule jumps to an excited state. Before returning to its groundstate, the electron drops to an intermediate energy level,releasing two-thirds of the energy previously absorbed and emittinga photon. What is the wavelength of the photon emitted by thewintergreen oil molecule?
Express your answer in nanometers to three significantfigures.
=

Physiology 1021 Lecture Notes - Citric Acid Cycle, Acetyl-Coa, Oxidative Phosphorylation

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