Pathology 3500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Intracranial Pressure, Subarachnoid Space, Hydrocephalus
23 Mar 2020
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Document Summary
Uniqueness of cns functional localization: bony encasement increase intracranial pressure. Herniations: blood brain barrier (protected from large molecules) To achieve homeostasis (something happens, try to compensate) Result: brain shift to equalize pressure (malfunction, brain can herniate when move) Hydrocephalus: non-communicating: ventricles are not communicating with subarachnoid space. Csf is getting blocked: communicating: csf getting out of ventricles and into subarachnoid but not getting reabsorbed (infection) Ex vacuo: have to fill up space with something (as we age and brain atropy, they take up less space, ventral start to expand and water fills (vacuum created) Uncal/transentorial: inferior temporal lobe, first part to herniate. Tonsillar: increase pressure in cerebellum down brain stem. Transcalvarial: open injury in skull and brain herniate out (sometimes done purposely to decrease pressure during surgeries) As they herniate they can become ischemic causing more pressure (cycle of injuries) Regeneration: no problem for glia or microglia, big problem for neurons.
