Pathology 3240A Lecture 5: Section 5 - Neoplasia

• School: Western University
• Department: Pathology
• Course: Pathology 3240A
• Professor: Geordie Shepherd

Document Summary

Atrophy decreased in size and function of a cell: causes. Aging: if atrophy persists, the cells may die, example: atrophy of thyroid following pituitary resection, atrophy of brain in aging. Hypertrophy increase in the size of a cell accompanies by an augmented functional capacity: causes. Increased functional demand: example: myocardial hypertrophy in hypertension, muscle hypertrophy in athletes, physiologic (hormonal) hypertrophy example: sex organs at puberty. Hyperplasia increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue: causes. Example: increased red blood cells in high altitude. Example: endometrium in early phase of menstrual cycle. Metaplasia conversion of one differentiated cell type to another: example: conversion of bronchial ciliated columnar epithelium to squamous epithelium in smokers, although it is a protective mechanism, there may be loss of function. Dysplasia alteration in size, shape and organization of the cellular components of a tissue: features. Variation of shape and size of cells (cellular pleomorphism) Variation in nuclear shape and size (nuclear pleomorphism)