Mechatronic Systems Engineering 3301A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 42: Sustainable Engineering, Tungsten, Iterative Design
19 Aug 2020
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Document Summary
While materials are important for sustainable engineering, the sources of these materials matters as well. The conditions under which they are extracted and produced. Abundance risk: risk to supply associated with the fact that a material is present in exceptionally low concentrations in the earth"s crust and oceans. Monopoly of supply risk: measure of supply-chain concentration, the degree to which supply derives from one or a very few nations. Herfindahl-hirschmann index (hhi) commonly used metric for concentration; Hhi > 2,500 usually indicates some risk of monopoly. Geopolitical risk: risk that supply might be disrupted by political instability or civil unrest geopolitical risk herfindahl-hirschmann index: Indicates the supply disruption risk due to political factors, based on the countries in which the element is produced and the concentration of worldwide production. Environmental country risk: risk that environmental legislation enacted by supplying nations might disrupt supply. Allows weighting of country production by the environmental risk factors of that area.
