Microbiology and Immunology 3820A Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Hans Christian Gram, Gram Staining, Alpha Helix
28 Nov 2017
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2: defining characteristic is the nuclear membrane, multiple chromosomes, double stranded (ds) dna strands, subcellular organelles (e. g. chloroplasts, mitochondria, larger ribosomes 80s, bound to endoplasmic reticulum (rough er, guides protein synthesis, larger cells, 10-(cid:883)(cid:882)(cid:882) m. Prokaryotes: archaea and bacteria, no nuclear membrane (nucleoid, oid- means like but not, nucleoid is like the nucleus but not, ex. Hemorrhoid is like a hemorrhage but not: single circular ds dna chromosome, no subcellular organelles, smaller ribosomes (70s), free in cytoplasm, smaller cell size (0. 2-3 m diameter) Bacteria of medical importance: classification: cell wall (none, rigid or flexible, filamentous vs simple unicellular, obligate intracellular vs free-living, aerobic vs anaerobic, gram-positive vs gram-negative, shape (rods vs cocci, glucose fermenters vs nonfermenters. Cell walls: osmotic barriers, found in prokaryote and plant cells, none: mycoplasma, ureaplasma, flexible: spirochaetes, rigid: most bacteria. Simple vs (cid:498)higher(cid:499) bacteria: filamentous: mycobacterium, actinomyces, nocardia, simple, unicellular: most bacteria.
