Microbiology and Immunology 2500A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Innate Immune System, Petri Dish
4 Dec 2017
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Innate immunity: the first line of defense against pathogens. Barriers to prevent pathogen entry in tissue. How innate immune system recognizes and binds to pathogens. Effective (quick and responsive) in eliminating pathogens at early stage. * when innate immunity is unsuccessful the adaptive immunity helps eliminate the pathogen. The same system is conserved for everyone. No memory (same immune response to identical pathogen) Epithelial cells: properties, tight junctions, rapidly renewable (via mitosis, secrete antimicrobial peptides (defensins transcribed when pathogen. *mucus adds an additional barrier and serves to trap pathogens via goblet cells. Cilia are mechanical barriers to sweep pathogens (inhibited by smoking) Defensins (attack all pathogens blows up microbe: properties, pore forming antimicrobial peptides, kill bacteria, viruses, fungi, mechanism, efflux of nutrients, essential ions out of microbe. Influx of water from extracellular environment into microbe. *co-evolved with defensing yet no microbe is able to adapt to cope with defensing. Mechanical (flush out) : saliva, mucus, vomit, diarrhea, peristalsis, cough, blink.
