Kinesiology 3336A/B Lecture Notes - Deltoid Ligament, Avulsion Fracture, Calcaneus

• School: Western University
• Department: Kinesiology
• Course: Kinesiology 3336A/B
• Professor: Dave Humphreys

Document Summary

Epidemiology of ankle sprains: 85% are lateral, 10% syndesmosis(high), 5%medial. Stability: shape of bones, capsule and ligaments, strength of muscles(dynamic stabillzers) Ankle joint: lateral malleolus longer and more posterior than medial, throchlear surface is wider anteriorly than posteriorly; no muscle attachments, with dosrsiflexion the wider portion lies between the malleoli=more stable. Capsule & ligaments: thin and weak anteriorly and posteriorly to allow movement, strengthened medially and laterally by ligaments. Deltoid limits lateral tilt: toe region 3-4% length. Stretch is reversible: linear region pathological irresversible ligamnet elongation. Looking for endpoint, pain, and laxity: rupture region failure point at 10-20% Complete rupture; grade 3; less pain due to no tension. Strength of muscles: eversion sprain damages invertors, inversion sprain damges evertors; in order to stabilize. Injuries occur when loading and unloading; least stable points of the joint. Mechanisms of injury: inversion and eversion: a pf=atfl; b-neutral=cfl; c-df=