Kinesiology 2276F/G Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Healthy People Program, Heart Rate Monitor, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
19 Sep 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
KIN 2276F 16/19 Sep 16
Sharon Cheng 1
Lecture 4&5: Physical Activity Epidemiology
Chapter 2 Psychology of Exercise Textbook (reference)
Definitions
Epidemic: anything that affects a large number of people; study of patterns of disease, risk factors and causes (eg.
epidemic of inactivity)
Epidemiology: study of epidemics dealing with the incidence, distribution and control of a disease in a population
Epidemic of Physical Inactivity
Physical inactivity and poor diet is responsible for at least 16% of deaths each year, according to CDC. Result of
poor nutrition and poor amount of physical activity, both risk factors can be changed/modified. Two of the leading
causes of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, and some cancers.
Reasons why people are more inactive:
• Industrial Revolution/ Information Age – things are done sitting at a desk, not physically like agriculture,
increased technology, reduced occupational physical activity, increased stress
Obesity Trends – drastic increase over a decade
Healthy People 2020
The government is getting involved because more obesity means more costs in treating them. US Department of
Health and Human Services task force created a national program and builds upon “Healthy People 2010”. Earlier
objectives were not achieved so they are put forward for the next decade for progress. The Department created
specific objectives for US physical activity by 2020.
• Goal = Improve health, fitness, and quality of life of US population through daily physical activity.
• Objectives = Reduce the proportion of adults who engage in no leisure-time physical activity. Increase the
proportion of adults who perform physical activities that enhance and maintain flexibility. Increase the
proportion of trips made by walking/biking. Targeting changes made by adults and children with school,
infrastructures, trails.
Measurement of Physical Activity Behaviour
1. Self-Report/Survey:
- Questionnaire or Interview (interviews work when dealing with small group, population-level is
with a survey)
- Daily activity logs (works when dealing with small numbers). PA Recall (physical activity recall
measures “Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire”)
2. Objective/Technological Devices:
- Heart rate monitor
- Pedometer
- Accelerometer
- GPS
- To collect more objective data
3. Observation:
- Direct or indirect
- Eg. class attendance (problem is you know they participated but at what level and what activity
did they do)
Epidemiology of Physical (In)Activity: 5W’s!
WHO? – to what extent are individuals within a particular society physically active?
WHERE? – where are people most likely to engage in physical activity?
WHAT? – in what physical activities are people most engaged?
WHEN? – what variations exist in physical activity patterns across groups of individuals?
WHY? – why are certain individuals physically active while others are not?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Epidemic: anything that affects a large number of people; study of patterns of disease, risk factors and causes (eg. epidemic of inactivity) Epidemiology: study of epidemics dealing with the incidence, distribution and control of a disease in a population. Physical inactivity and poor diet is responsible for at least 16% of deaths each year, according to cdc. Result of poor nutrition and poor amount of physical activity, both risk factors can be changed/modified. Two of the leading causes of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Industrial revolution/ information age things are done sitting at a desk, not physically like agriculture, increased technology, reduced occupational physical activity, increased stress. Obesity trends drastic increase over a decade. The government is getting involved because more obesity means more costs in treating them. Health and human services task force created a national program and builds upon healthy people 2010 .
